网站开发技术项目说明书杭州百度人工优化
目录
- 实验条件
- 网络拓朴
- 环境配置
- 开始排错
- 错误1：没有配置IP地址，IP地址宣告有误
- 错误2：R3配置了与R1不同的K值报错了。
- 错误3：R4上的AS号配置错，不是1234
- 错误4：R2上配置的Key-chain的R4上配置的Key-chain不一致
- 错误5：R2宣告地址段不正确。
- 错误6：R3的接口宽带被变更
- 错误7：R1的接口延迟配置被变更
实验条件
网络拓朴
环境配置
R1
R1(config)#do show run | s interface
interface Ethernet0/0ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0delay 1
interface Ethernet0/1ip address 13.1.1.1 255.255.255.0router eigrp 1234network 0.0.0.0
R2
interface Ethernet0/0ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
interface Ethernet0/1ip address 24.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
interface Ethernet0/3af-interface Ethernet0/1authentication mode md5authentication key-chain CCNPexit-af-interfacerouter eigrp CCNP!address-family ipv4 unicast autonomous-system 1234!af-interface Ethernet0/1authentication mode md5authentication key-chain CCNPexit-af-interface!topology baseexit-af-topologynetwork 12.1.1.2 0.0.0.0network 24.1.1.0 0.0.0.0exit-address-familyKey-chain CCNPkey 1key-string CC1E
R3
interface Ethernet0/0bandwidth 1router eigrp CCNP!address-family ipv4 unicast autonomous-system 1234!topology baseexit-af-topologynetwork 13.1.1.3 0.0.0.0network 34.1.1.4 0.0.0.0metric weights 0 1 1 1 1 1 1exit-address-family
R4
interface Loopback0ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255
interface Ethernet0/0ip address 34.1.1.4 255.255.255.0
interface Ethernet0/1ip address 24.1.1.4 255.255.255.0ip authentication mode eigrp 1234 md5ip authentication key-chain eigrp 1234 CCNProuter eigrp 123network 0.0.0.0key chain CCNPkey 1key-string CCIE
开始排错
错误1：没有配置IP地址，IP地址宣告有误
R3上没有配置IP地址，先配置上IP地址，同时，宣告进EIGRP
IP规则， AB.1.1.[A|B]/24， AB是两台路由器的编号.
R3路由器上配置
interface Ethernet0/0bandwidth 1ip address 34.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
interface Ethernet0/1ip address 13.1.1.3 255.255.255.0router eigrp CCNPaddress-family ipv4 unicast autonomous-system 123no network 34.1.1.4 0.0.0.0network 34.1.1.3 0.0.0.0
错误2：R3配置了与R1不同的K值报错了。
R3(config-router-af)#
*Jan 4 06:33:44.598: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: EIGRP-IPv4 1234: Neighbor 13.1.1.1 (Ethernet0/1) is down: K-value mismatch
修改配置
router eigrp CCNP!address-family ipv4 unicast autonomous-system 123no metric weights 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
结果显示,成功与R1建立邻居关系
R3(config-router-af)#do show ip eigrp neighbor
EIGRP-IPv4 VR(CCNP) Address-Family Neighbors for AS(1234)
H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq(sec) (ms) Cnt Num
0 13.1.1.1 Et0/1 14 00:00:52 10 100 0 6
错误3：R4上的AS号配置错，不是1234
刚刚在R3上查询发现，并没有R4的邻居信息。
no router eigrp 123
router eigrp 1234router-id 4.4.4.4network 0.0.0.0
结果显示,成功与R4建立邻居关系
R3(config-router-af)#do show ip eigrp neighbor
EIGRP-IPv4 VR(CCNP) Address-Family Neighbors for AS(1234)
H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq(sec) (ms) Cnt Num
1 34.1.1.4 Et0/0 11 00:00:11 13 5000 0 3
0 13.1.1.1 Et0/1 14 00:14:52 10 100 0 6
结果显示,成功与R3建立邻居关系
R4(config-router)#do show ip eigrp neighbor
EIGRP-IPv4 Neighbors for AS(1234)
H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq(sec) (ms) Cnt Num
0 34.1.1.3 Et0/0 11 00:00:06 1996 5000 1 6
从R4上配置来看，并没有什么问题，但是并未发现R2邻居信息。继续排查R2的信息
错误4：R2上配置的Key-chain的R4上配置的Key-chain不一致
修改R2的Key-chain配配置
R2
key chain CCNPkey 1key-string CCIE
查询邻居信息，发现邻居没有正常建立。 继续排错R2的信息
错误5：R2宣告地址段不正确。
R2
router eigrp CCNPaddress-family ipv4 unicast autonomous-system 1234no network 24.1.1.0 0.0.0.0network 24.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
结果显示,成功与R4建立邻居关系
R2(config-router-af)#do show ip eigrp neighbor
EIGRP-IPv4 VR(CCNP) Address-Family Neighbors for AS(1234)
H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq(sec) (ms) Cnt Num
1 24.1.1.4 Et0/1 12 00:00:09 1598 5000 0 6
0 12.1.1.1 Et0/0 12 00:42:33 1025 5000 0 11
错误6：R3的接口宽带被变更
所有的邻居正常建立。都可以查到邻居信息。
目标要实现R1访问R4的环回口4.4.4.4形成等价的负载均衡。查询R1的路由表
R1路由表
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 4.4.4.4 [90/409856] via 12.1.1.2, 00:02:59, Ethernet0/0
只有一条路由信息。
R1#show ip eigrp topology all-links
EIGRP-IPv4 Topology Table for AS(1234)/ID(13.1.1.1)
Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,r - reply Status, s - sia Status P 24.1.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 281856, serno 4via 12.1.1.2 (281856/281600), Ethernet0/0
P 4.4.4.4/32, 1 successors, FD is 409856, serno 6via 12.1.1.2 (409856/409600), Ethernet0/0
P 13.1.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 281600, serno 2via Connected, Ethernet0/1
P 34.1.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 307456, serno 5via 12.1.1.2 (307456/307200), Ethernet0/0via 13.1.1.3 (2560051200/2560025600), Ethernet0/1
P 12.1.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 256256, serno 1via Connected, Ethernet0/0
只有收到一条4.4.4.4的路由信息。并没有从R3上传递过来的路由。
继续查看R3的路由表
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 4.4.4.4 [90/4101120] via 13.1.1.1, 00:10:13, Ethernet0/1
结果发现路由表中该路由是从R1传递过来，并没有R4过来的路由信息，再次查询R3上的Eigrp拓扑信息
P 4.4.4.4/32, 1 successors, FD is 524943360, serno 8via 13.1.1.1 (524943360/459407360), Ethernet0/1via 34.1.1.4 (655753216000/327761920), Ethernet0/0
可以发现。从R4过来的FD值巨大无比。因此可以估计出，宽带或是延迟之类的参数被配置了。
R3#show int e0/0
Ethernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is AmdP2, address is aabb.cc00.3000 (bia aabb.cc00.3000)Internet address is 34.1.1.3/24MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1 Kbit/sec, DLY 1000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
......
可以看出本该正常值为BW 10000 Kbit/sec变成了1.
R3(config)#int e0/0
R3(config-if)#no bandwidth 1
再次查看R3路由表
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 4.4.4.4 [90/3584000] via 34.1.1.4, 00:01:06, Ethernet0/0
路由已经正常了，路由表中由R4过来的路由竞争RIB成功。
查询R1上的路由表
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 4.4.4.4 [90/409856] via 12.1.1.2, 00:07:45, Ethernet0/0
目标还是没有达成。需要继续排错。
错误7：R1的接口延迟配置被变更
查看R1的拓扑数据
R1#show ip eigrp topology
EIGRP-IPv4 Topology Table for AS(1234)/ID(13.1.1.1)
Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,r - reply Status, s - sia Status
......
P 4.4.4.4/32, 1 successors, FD is 409856via 12.1.1.2 (409856/409600), Ethernet0/0via 13.1.1.3 (435200/409600), Ethernet0/1
......
发现拓扑表中已经有两条路由数据了。via 12.1.1.2的FD大于via 13.1.1.3的AD值。同时via 13.1.1.3的FD也大于via 12.1.1.2的AD值。因此via 13.1.1.3的这一条路由是一条FS可行后续，形成了非等价负载均衡，仍然不满足要求的等价负载均衡，继续排查。
由两个路由记录的配置值可以看出。FD值不一致，比较两个接口的配置。发现
interface Ethernet0/0delay 1
interface Ethernet0/1
Ethernet0/0接口的延迟配置不对，修改delay值
interface Ethernet0/0no delay 1
查询R1路由表
R1(config-router)#do show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static routeo - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISPa - application route+ - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfRGateway of last resort is not set4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 4.4.4.4 [90/435200] via 13.1.1.3, 00:17:11, Ethernet0/1[90/435200] via 12.1.1.2, 00:17:11, Ethernet0/0
......
由表可见目标达成。