徐家汇网站建设软文营销写作技巧
文章目录
- 前言
- 一、django配置
- 二、后端实现
- 1.新建app
- 2.编写view
- 3.配置路由
- 三、前端编写
- 1、index.html
- 2、register.html
- 3、 login.html
- 总结
前言
之前，写了django制作简易登录系统，这次利用django内置的authentication功能实现注册、登录
提示：可参考之前的文章
Django制作简易注册登录系统
一、django配置
python包具体配置见之前的文章，和之前一样，注释掉跨域，引入mysql
authentication需要额外引入redis
CACHES = {"default": {"BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache","LOCATION": "redis://ip:6379","OPTIONS": {"CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",}},"session": {"BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache","LOCATION": "redis://ip:6379/1","OPTIONS": {"CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient","CONNECTION_POOL_KWARGS": {"max_connections": 100}}}
}
SESSION_ENGINE = 'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'
SESSION_CACHE_ALIAS = "session"
SESSION_COOKIE_AGE = 500
二、后端实现
1.新建app
python manage.py startapp app名称
2.编写view
代码如下（示例）：
# Create your views here.from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login, logout
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.shortcuts import redirect
from django.shortcuts import renderdef login1(request):if request.method == 'GET':print("GET")return render(request,'login.html',)elif request.method == 'POST':print("POST")# 获取参数user_name = request.POST.get('username', '')pwd = request.POST.get('password', '')# 用户已存在if User.objects.filter(username=user_name):# 使用内置方法验证user = authenticate(username=user_name, password=pwd)print(user)# 验证通过if user:# 用户已激活if user.is_active:login(request, user)request.session["current_user"] = user.username # 将用户名存储在session中request.session.set_expiry(0)return render(request, "index.html")# 未激活else:return JsonResponse({'code': 403,'msg': '用户未激活'})# 验证失败else:return JsonResponse({'code': 403,'msg': '用户认证失败'})# 用户不存在else:return redirect('register')else:return render(request, 'login.html')def register(request):if request.method == "GET":return render(request, "register.html")elif request.method == "POST":username = request.POST.get('username', '')pwd = request.POST.get('password', '')if User.objects.filter(username=username):return JsonResponse({'code': 200,'msg': 'user exists'})else:user = User.objects.create_user(username=username, password=pwd)return JsonResponse({'code': 200,'msg': '注册成功，去登陆'})else:return render(request, 'register.html')def logout1(request):logout(request)request.session.clear()return redirect("index")def index(request):return render(request, "index.html")3.配置路由
在app中新建urls.py
from django.urls import path
from loginapp import views
from loginapp.views import index, login1, register, logout1
urlpatterns = [path('', index, name='index'), # 定义根路径'/'到index视图的映射path('login/', login1, name='login'),path('logout/', logout1, name='logout'),path('register/', register, name='register'),
]
主路由（刚建完项目时的那个目录下）修改如下
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, includeurlpatterns = [path('', include('app名称.urls')),path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]
三、前端编写
1、index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Home</title>
</head>
<body>{% if request.session.current_user %}<h1>Welcome, {{ request.session.current_user }}!</h1><p>You are logged in.</p><a href="{% url 'logout' %}">Logout</a>{% else %}<h1>Welcome, Guest!</h1><p>Please <a href="{% url 'login' %}">Login</a> or <a href="{% url 'register' %}">Register</a>.</p>{% endif %}
</body>
</html>
2、register.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Register</title>
</head>
<body><h1>Register</h1><form method="post" action="{% url 'register' %}">{% csrf_token %}<label for="username">Username:</label><input type="text" id="username" name="username" required><br><br><label for="password">Password:</label><input type="password" id="password" name="password" required><br><br><button type="submit">Register</button></form><p>Already have an account? <a href="{% url 'login' %}">Login here</a>.</p>
</body>
</html>3、 login.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Login</title>
</head>
<body><h1>Login</h1><form method="post" action="{% url 'login' %}">{% csrf_token %}<label for="username">Username:</label><input type="text" id="username" name="username" required><br><br><label for="password">Password:</label><input type="password" id="password" name="password" required><br><br><button type="submit">Login</button></form><p>Don't have an account? <a href="{% url 'register' %}">Register here</a>.</p>
</body>
</html>
可以看到登陆后，欢迎<用户名>用户
总结
用户的认证内容存储在session中，我设置的过期时间是5分钟。
没有对出错情况进行处理，一旦出错仅展示报错json数据。