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前言

根据项目要求，需将prometheus监控数据存储到kafka中。前面为了图方便就搭建了单机版的kafka进行验证，但是kafka中一直没有数据，后来部署了kafka集群，才解决了这个问题。

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将prometheus监控数据写入到kafka中，大多数都是使用prometheus-kafka-adapter插件，当然如果条件允许，也可以自己开发。

一、环境简介

1.1 环境简介

#1 系统版本
[root@es2][/opt]
$cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.7.1908 (Core)#2 可通外网
[root@es2][/usr/local/prometheus]
$ping -c 3 www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (220.181.38.150) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 220.181.38.150 (220.181.38.150): icmp_seq=1 ttl=51 time=6.65 ms
64 bytes from 220.181.38.150 (220.181.38.150): icmp_seq=2 ttl=51 time=6.48 ms
64 bytes from 220.181.38.150 (220.181.38.150): icmp_seq=3 ttl=51 time=5.95 ms--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2002ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 5.950/6.363/6.652/0.306 ms

1.2 部署清单

序号	IP	主机名	部署服务
1	192.168.56.108	es2	prometheus
2	192.168.56.116	cydocker	docker，prometheus-kafka-adapter
3	kafka集群Ip192.168.56.101	cnode1	zk,kafka

1.3 组件版本

prometheus	2.29.1
docker	20.10.14
prometheus-kafka-adapter	1.7.0
kafka	2.12-3.6.0

二、部署步骤

2.1 prometheus部署

#1 解压缩
[root@node1 package]# tar -zxvf prometheus-2.29.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz #2 移动并命名
[root@node1 package]# mv prometheus-2.29.1.linux-amd64 /usr/local/prometheus#3 创建数据存储路径
[root@es2][/usr/local/prometheus]
$ mkdir -p /data/prometheus#4 修改prometheus.yml文件
[root@es2][/usr/local/prometheus]
$vim prometheus.yml- job_name: "prometheus"# metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'# scheme defaults to 'http'.static_configs:- targets: ["localhost:9090"]# 远程写到prometheus-kafka-adaptor
remote_write:- url: "http://192.168.56.116:10401/receive" #这里换成部署prometheus-kafka-adaptor服务的节点IP#5 开启服务（只为测试用，正式环境请注册service）
/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus \--config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml \--storage.tsdb.path=/data/prometheus \--storage.tsdb.retention.time=365d \--web.listen-address=0.0.0.0:9090 \--web.enable-admin-api \--web.enable-lifecycle

2.2 kafka集群部署

请参考我写的上一篇博客《kafka集群部署搭建【详细版】》，这里不错重复赘述，但是需要先创建好topic。

[root@cnode1][/opt/kafka_2.12-3.6.0/bin]
$ ./kafka-topics.sh --create --topic test1 --bootstrap-server cnode1:9092 --partitions 1 --replication-factor 3

2.3 prometheus-kafka-adapter部署

docker部署这里不做赘述，可以直接看其他人博客

#1 拉取镜像
[root@cydocker][~]
$ docker pull telefonica/prometheus-kafka-adapter:1.7.0#2 编写启动脚本
[root@cydocker][~/adapoter]
$ cat adapoter.sh 
#!/usr/bin/env bash
docker run -d --name prometheus-kafka-adapter --restart=always -m 2g \
-e KAFKA_BROKER_LIST=192.168.56.101:9092 \
-e KAFKA_TOPIC=test1 \
-e PORT=10401 \
-e SERIALIZATION_FORMAT=json \
-e GIN_MODE=release \
-e LOG_LEVEL=debug \
-p 10401:10401 \
telefonica/prometheus-kafka-adapter:1.7.0#3 查看运行状态
[root@cydocker][~/adapoter]
$ docker ps |grep kafka
8d47b0210004   telefonica/prometheus-kafka-adapter:1.7.0   "/bin/sh -c /prometh…"   4 days ago       Up 35 minutes   0.0.0.0:10401->10401/tcp, :::10401->10401/tcp   prometheus-kafka-adapter

三、数据验证

登陆到kafka节点进行验证，结果如下：

[root@cnode1][/opt/kafka_2.12-3.6.0/bin]
$ ./kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server cnode1:9092 --topic test1{"labels":{"__name__":"prometheus_tsdb_reloads_total","instance":"127.0.0.1:9090","job":"prometheus"},"name":"prometheus_tsdb_reloads_total","timestamp":"2024-11-14T04:39:38Z","value":"7"}
{"labels":{"__name__":"prometheus_tsdb_retention_limit_bytes","instance":"127.0.0.1:9090","job":"prometheus"},"name":"prometheus_tsdb_retention_limit_bytes","timestamp":"2024-11-14T04:39:38Z","value":"0"}
{"labels":{"__name__":"prometheus_tsdb_size_retentions_total","instance":"127.0.0.1:9090","job":"prometheus"},"name":"prometheus_tsdb_size_retentions_total","timestamp":"2024-11-14T04:39:38Z","value":"0"}
{"labels":{"__name__":"prometheus_tsdb_storage_blocks_bytes","instance":"127.0.0.1:9090","job":"prometheus"},"name":"prometheus_tsdb_storage_blocks_bytes","timestamp":"2024-11-14T04:39:38Z","value":"1239229"}
{"labels":{"__name__":"prometheus_tsdb_symbol_table_size_bytes","instance":"127.0.0.1:9090","job":"prometheus"},"name":"prometheus_tsdb_symbol_table_size_bytes","timestamp":"2024-11-14T04:39:38Z","value":"392"}
{"labels":{"__name__":"prometheus_tsdb_time_retentions_total","instance":"127.0.0.1:9090","job":"prometheus"},"name":"prometheus_tsdb_time_retentions_total","timestamp":"2024-11-14T04:39:38Z","value":"0"}
{"labels":{"__name__":"prometheus_tsdb_tombstone_cleanup_seconds_bucket","instance":"127.0.0.1:9090","job":"prometheus","le":"0.005"},"name":"prometheus_tsdb_tombstone_cleanup_seconds_bucket","timestamp":"2024-11-14T04:39:38Z","value":"0"}
{"labels":{"__name__":"prometheus_tsdb_tombstone_cleanup_seconds_bucket","instance":"127.0.0.1:9090","job":"prometheus","le":"0.01"},"name":"prometheus_tsdb_tombstone_cleanup_seconds_bucket","timestamp":"2024-11-14T04:39:38Z","value":"0"}
{"labels":{"__name__":"prometheus_tsdb_tombstone_cleanup_seconds_bucket","instance":"127.0.0.1:9090","job":"prometheus","le":"0.025"},"name":"prometheus_tsdb_tombstone_cleanup_seconds_bucket","timestamp":"2024-11-14T04:39:38Z","value":"0"}

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四、总结

至此，prometheus监控数据推送到kafka集群验证完毕，大家如果有什么疑问，请及时和我沟通交流。