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一·推荐一套分布式微服务的版本管理父工程pom模板：Springcloud、SpringCloudAlibaba、Springboot

<properties><maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><hutool.version>5.8.22</hutool.version><lombok.version>1.18.26</lombok.version><druid.version>1.1.20</druid.version><mybatis.springboot.version>3.0.2</mybatis.springboot.version><mybatisPlus.springboot.version>3.5.7</mybatisPlus.springboot.version><mysql.version>8.0.11</mysql.version><swagger3.version>2.2.0</swagger3.version><mapper.version>4.2.3</mapper.version><fastjson2.version>2.0.40</fastjson2.version><persistence-api.version>1.0.2</persistence-api.version><spring.boot.test.version>3.1.5</spring.boot.test.version><spring.boot.version>3.3.0</spring.boot.version><spring.cloud.version>2023.0.2</spring.cloud.version><spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2023.0.1.0</spring.cloud.alibaba.version></properties><dependencyManagement><dependencies><!--springboot 版本控制依赖--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>${spring.boot.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><!--springcloud 版本控制依赖--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring.cloud.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><!--springcloud alibaba 版本控制依赖--><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring.cloud.alibaba.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency>
<!--            &lt;!&ndash;SpringBoot集成mybatis&ndash;&gt;-->
<!--            <dependency>-->
<!--                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>-->
<!--                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>-->
<!--                <version>${mybatis.springboot.version}</version>-->
<!--            </dependency>--><!--SpringBoot集成mybatis-plus--><dependency><groupId>com.baomidou</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-plus-spring-boot3-starter</artifactId><version>${mybatisPlus.springboot.version}</version></dependency><!--Mysql数据库驱动8 --><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>${mysql.version}</version></dependency><!--SpringBoot集成druid连接池--><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>${druid.version}</version></dependency><!--通用Mapper4之tk.mybatis--><dependency><groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mapper</artifactId><version>${mapper.version}</version></dependency><!--persistence--><dependency><groupId>javax.persistence</groupId><artifactId>persistence-api</artifactId><version>${persistence-api.version}</version></dependency><!-- fastjson2 --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.fastjson2</groupId><artifactId>fastjson2</artifactId><version>${fastjson2.version}</version></dependency><!-- swagger3 调用方式 http://你的主机IP地址:5555/swagger-ui/index.html --><dependency><groupId>org.springdoc</groupId><artifactId>springdoc-openapi-starter-webmvc-ui</artifactId><version>${swagger3.version}</version></dependency><!--hutool--><dependency><groupId>cn.hutool</groupId><artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId><version>${hutool.version}</version></dependency><!--lombok--><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><version>${lombok.version}</version><optional>true</optional></dependency><!-- spring-boot-starter-test --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><version>${spring.boot.test.version}</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.lmf.cloud</groupId><artifactId>common</artifactId><version>1.0.0</version></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement><build><plugins><!--            Springboot3升级之后必须添加的maven编译插件，这样才能解析接口方法参数，默认是不能自动解析接口参数--><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><version>3.13.0</version><configuration><parameters>true</parameters><source>17</source><target>17</target></configuration></plugin></plugins></build>

二·SpringBoot、SpringCloud、SpringCloudAlibaba等各种组件的版本匹配图：

三·SpringBoot 3.x.x版本项目中，必须在pom中引入一个插件，否则接口方法参数无法解析

<build><plugins><!--            Springboot3升级之后必须添加的maven编译插件，这样才能解析接口方法参数，默认是不能自动解析接口参数--><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><version>3.13.0</version><configuration><parameters>true</parameters><source>17</source><target>17</target></configuration></plugin></plugins>
</build>

四·Spring Cloud Alibaba 参考文档：

1.尚硅谷学习笔记脑图下载：2024版

https://gitee.com/lmf-2021/SpringCloud2024/blob/master/SpringCloud%E7%AC%AC3%E5%AD%A32024.html

2.官方全套示例文档，比较简短，不适合新手，适合熟手复习

https://spring-cloud-alibaba-group.github.io/github-pages/2022/zh-cn/

五·Nacos：服务注册发现、配置管理中心

服务注册发现、配置管理中心；本身就是一个单独的微服务；同时也是所有分布式微服务组件的基础应用

<!--    Springcloud-nacos-服务注册中心整合依赖-->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--	springcloud-nacos-config-配置中心整合依赖-->
<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--Springcloud-bootstrap容器整合依赖，可以使用bootstrap.yml配置文件-->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bootstrap</artifactId>
</dependency>

1.Nacos分阶段引入示例：

https://www.cnblogs.com/crazymakercircle/p/14231815.html

2.Nacos配置yml完整示例与解释：

https://developer.aliyun.com/article/1157617

补充1：Nacos服务跨分组调用

https://blog.csdn.net/m0_56287495/article/details/129240577

六·LoadBalancer：远程服务调用框架、客户端负载均衡工具

远程服务调用框架、客户端负载均衡工具（Nginx是服务端负载均衡工具）；需要依赖服务注册与发现；支持与多种http库集成

<!--        Springcloud-loadbalancer-远程服务调用、负载均衡整合依赖，可以单独使用-->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
</dependency>

https://www.cnblogs.com/itxiaoshen/p/16247702.html

七·Openfeign（推荐）：远程服务调用框架、客户端负载均衡工具

远程服务调用框架、客户端负载均衡工具（Nginx是服务端负载均衡工具）；需要依赖服务注册与发现，内部整合了LoadBalancer负载均衡，可以完全替代LoadBalancer组件

<!--Springcloud-openfeign-远程服务调用、负载均衡整合依赖，底层整合loadbalancer，因此需要该依赖-->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--        Springcloud-loadbalancer-远程服务调用、负载均衡整合依赖，可以单独使用-->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
</dependency><!-- 根据需要是否添加下面依赖，用于替换Openfeign底层的http请求为请求连接池-->
<!-- httpclient5-->
<dependency><groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents.client5</groupId><artifactId>httpclient5</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- feign-hc5-整合依赖-->
<dependency><groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId><artifactId>feign-hc5</artifactId>
</dependency>

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44606481/article/details/132499972

补充1：Openfeign各种属性配置官方文档

https://docs.spring.io/spring-cloud-openfeign/docs/current/reference/html/appendix.html

八·Gateway：微服务端网关路由

微服务端网关路由；本身就是一个单独的微服务；需要依赖服务注册与发现；Gateway服务配置路由之后，再访问Gateway服务，Gateway服务就可以把请求转发到其他具体微服务上面；

<!--        网关是响应式编程，必须删除掉 spring-boot-starter-web 场景dependency-->
<!--        Springcloud-gateway-网关路由整合依赖-->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
</dependency><!--        根据需要添加：解决netty框架与mac系统m1芯片集成dns问题-->
<dependency><groupId>io.netty</groupId><artifactId>netty-resolver-dns-native-macos</artifactId>
<!--            <version>4.1.75.Final</version> &lt;!&ndash;版本号自己切&ndash;&gt;--><classifier>osx-aarch_64</classifier>
</dependency>

1.入门概括介绍：

https://developer.aliyun.com/article/1294775#slide-4

2.详细介绍：

https://www.cnblogs.com/crazymakercircle/p/11704077.html#autoid-h2-0-0-0

3.官方中文文档-最新版：

https://springdoc.cn/spring-cloud-gateway/#setrequestheader

补充1：Nginx网关与Gateway网关区分：

一般情况：将Nginx设置为流量网关，Gateway设置为业务网关，两者作用都是负载均衡作用，Gateway网关细腻度更低
https://developer.aliyun.com/article/1392682
https://developer.aliyun.com/article/1002990#slide-3

九·Sentinel：服务流量治理组件

服务流量治理组件；本身就是一个单独的微服务；A微服务配置注册到Sentinel服务之后，访问A微服务接口，请求的流量就会被Sentinel服务监控到

<!--	SpringCloud alibaba sentinel 服务流量治理组件-->
<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
</dependency>

1.官方文档：

https://sentinelguard.io/zh-cn/docs/basic-implementation.html

2.详细笔记：

https://www.cnblogs.com/crazymakercircle/p/14285001.html#autoid-h2-0-0-0

3.整合实战笔记：

https://www.cnblogs.com/crazytrip/p/15212602.html

4.尚硅谷的Springcloud第3季脑图：下载本地查看

https://gitee.com/lmf-2021/SpringCloud2024/blob/master/SpringCloud%E7%AC%AC3%E5%AD%A32024.html

十·Seata：分布式事务组件

分布式事务组件；本身就是一个单独的微服务；需要依赖服务注册与发现

<!--        Springcloud-seata-分布式事务整合依赖-->
<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
</dependency>

1.官方文档：

https://seata.apache.org/zh-cn/docs/overview/what-is-seata

2.Seata各大模式原理分析：

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_48721706/article/details/122656490

3.Seata2.0 安装部署，与Nacos、SpringCloud项目集成笔记：

（推荐）https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43840661/article/details/135432796

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_36027342/article/details/135897943

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42767920/article/details/135743126

十一·Micrometer：微服务接口调用链路追踪组件

<!--micrometer-tracing-bom导入链路追踪版本中心  1-->
<dependency><groupId>io.micrometer</groupId><artifactId>micrometer-tracing-bom</artifactId><version>${micrometer-tracing.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--micrometer-tracing指标追踪  2-->
<dependency><groupId>io.micrometer</groupId><artifactId>micrometer-tracing</artifactId><version>${micrometer-tracing.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--micrometer-tracing-bridge-brave适配zipkin的桥接包 3-->
<dependency><groupId>io.micrometer</groupId><artifactId>micrometer-tracing-bridge-brave</artifactId><version>${micrometer-tracing.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--micrometer-observation 4-->
<dependency><groupId>io.micrometer</groupId><artifactId>micrometer-observation</artifactId><version>${micrometer-observation.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--feign-micrometer 5-->
<dependency><groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId><artifactId>feign-micrometer</artifactId><version>${feign-micrometer.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--zipkin-reporter-brave 6-->
<dependency><groupId>io.zipkin.reporter2</groupId><artifactId>zipkin-reporter-brave</artifactId><version>${zipkin-reporter-brave.version}</version>
</dependency>

1.Micrometer安装使用详解：

https://www.cnblogs.com/cjsblog/p/11556029.html

2.SpringBoot 使用 Micrometer 集成 Prometheus 监控 Java 应用性能

https://blog.csdn.net/aixiaoyang168/article/details/100866159
https://juejin.cn/post/7051109463180181535