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目录
前言
一、准备工作
二、AGX Orin 系统刷机步骤
三、AGX Orin 系统备份
总结
前言
NVIDIA AGX Orin 是一款高性能的嵌入式计算平台,专为边缘计算和 AI 应用而设计。为了确保系统的稳定性和适应不同的应用场景,用户可能需要对 AGX Orin 进行系统刷机和备份操作。本文将详细介绍如何完成这些操作,帮助您更好地管理和维护 AGX Orin 设备。
一、准备工作
在开始刷机和备份之前,请确保您已经准备好以下工具和资源:
- NVIDIA Jetson SDK Manager:这是 NVIDIA 提供的刷机工具,可以在 官方页面 下载。
- USB 线缆:用于将 AGX Orin 连接到主机电脑。
- Ubuntu 系统电脑:建议使用 Ubuntu 18.04 或 20.04 版本作为主机电脑。
- 存储设备:用于备份系统镜像的外部存储设备,如 USB 盘或外置硬盘。
二、AGX Orin 系统刷机步骤
AGX-Orin刷机方式有两种,一种使用官方Jetson SDK Manager刷写方式,使用nvidia提供装刷机软件进行刷机,该方式在第一篇博文中有介绍,本文主要介绍在ubuntu20.04系统中使用命令的方式进行刷机,具体刷机步骤如下:
a、ubuntu20.04工具安装
ubuntu20.04系统环境配置:在Linux_for_Tegra目录下执行sudo ./tools/l4t_flash_prerequisites.sh脚本,安装ubuntu系统所需的库,脚本内容如下所示:
sudo apt-get update && \
sudo apt-get install -y abootimg \binfmt-support \binutils \cpp \device-tree-compiler \dosfstools \lbzip2 \libxml2-utils \nfs-kernel-server \python3-yaml \qemu-user-static \sshpass \udev \uuid-runtime \whois \openssl \cpio \rsync \zstdSYSTEM_VER="$(grep "DISTRIB_RELEASE" </etc/lsb-release | cut -d= -f 2 | sed 's/\.//')"# Install lz4c utility required for compressing bpmp-fw-dtb.
# For Ubuntu 18.04 and older version, run "sudo apt-get install liblz4-tool".
# For Ubuntu 20.04 and newer version, run "sudo apt-get install lz4".
if [ "${SYSTEM_VER}" -lt 2004 ]; thensudo apt-get install -y liblz4-tool
elsesudo apt-get install -y lz4
fi
执行以下命令应用Jetson二进制文件,sudo ./apply_binaries.sh脚本位于Linux_for_Tegra目录下:
b、连接 AGX Orin
- 使用 USB 线缆将 AGX Orin 连接到主机电脑。
- 将 AGX Orin 置于恢复模式(Recovery Mode)。通常的步骤是先关机,按住恢复按键(Recovery Button),然后按下电源键启动。
c、flash.sh命令刷机
SDK命令刷机主要是采用flash.sh进行刷机操作,其中flash.sh位于JetPack SDK开发包中,脚本位置在:
flash.sh脚本参数选择如下所示:
cftc@cftc-virtual-machine:~/nvidia/nvidia_sdk/JetPack_5.1.3_Linux_JETSON_AGX_ORIN_TARGETS/Linux_for_Tegra$ ./flash.sh --helpUsage: sudo ./flash.sh [options] <target_board> <rootdev>Where,target board: Valid target board name.rootdev: Proper root device.options:-c <cfgfile> ---------- Flash partition table config file.-d <dtbfile> ---------- device tree file.-f <flashapp> --------- Path to flash application (tegraflash.py)-h -------------------- print this message.-i <enc rfs key file>-- key for disk encryption support.-k <partition id> ----- partition name or number specified in flash.cfg.-m <mts preboot> ------ MTS preboot such as mts_preboot_si.-n <nfs args> --------- Static nfs network assignments<Client IP>:<Server IP>:<Gateway IP>:<Netmask>-o <odmdata> ---------- ODM data.-r -------------------- skip building and reuse existing system.img.-t <tegraboot> -------- tegraboot binary such as nvtboot.bin-u <PKC key file>------ PKC key used for odm fused board.-v <SBK key file>------ Secure Boot Key (SBK) key used for ODM fused board.-w <wb0boot> ---------- warm boot binary such as nvtbootwb0.bin-x <tegraid> ---------- Tegra CHIPID.-B <boardid> ---------- BoardId.-C <cmdline> ---------- Kernel commandline arguments.WARNING:Each option in this kernel commandline getshigher preference over the values set byflash.sh. In case of NFS booting, this scriptadds NFS booting related arguments, if -i optionis omitted.-F <flasher> ---------- Flash server such as cboot.bin.-G <file name> -------- Read partition and save image to file.-I <initrd> ----------- initrd file. Null initrd is default.-K <kernel> ----------- Kernel image file such as zImage or Image.-L <bootloader> ------- Bootloader such as cboot.bin or u-boot-dtb.bin.-M <mts boot> --------- MTS boot file such as mts_si.-N <nfsroot> ---------- i.e. <my IP addr>:/my/exported/nfs/rootfs.-R <rootfs dir> ------- Sample rootfs directory.-S <size> ------------- Rootfs size in bytes. Valid only for internalrootdev. KiB, MiB, GiB short hands are allowed,for example, 1GiB means 1024 * 1024 * 1024 bytes.-T <ext num sectors> ---The number of the sectors of the external storage device.The default value is 122159104 if this option is not set.-Z -------------------- Print configurations and then exit.--no-flash ------------ perform all steps except physically flashing the board.This will create a system.img.--external-device------ Generate flash images for external devices--sparseupdate--------- only flash partitions that have changed. Currently only support SPI flash memory--no-systemimg -------- Do not create or re-create system.img.--bup ----------------- Generate bootloader update payload(BUP).--single-image-bup <part name> Generate specified single image BUP, this must work with --bup.--bup-type <type> ----- Generate specific type bootloader update payload(BUP), such as bl or kernel.--multi-spec----------- Enable support for building multi-spec BUP.--clean-up------------- Clean up BUP buffer when multi-spec is enabled.--usb-instance <id> --- Specify the USB instance to connect to;<id> = USB port path (e.g. 3-14).--no-root-check ------- Typical usage of this script require root permissions.Pass this option to allow running the script as aregular user, in which case only specific combinationsof command-line options will be functional.--uefi-keys <keys_conf> Specify UEFI keys configuration file.--rcm-boot ------------ Do RCM boot instead of physically flashing the board.--sign ---------------- Sign images and store them under "bootloader/signed"directory. The board will not be physically flashed.--image --------------- Specify the image to be written into board.--boot-chain-flash <c> Flash only a specific boot chain (ex. "A, "B", "all").Defaults to "all", inputs are case insensitive.Not suitable for production.--boot-chain-select <c> Specify booting chain (ex. "A" or "B") after the board is flashed.Defaults to "A", inputs are case insensitive.--pv-crt -------------- The certificate for the key that is used to sign cpu_bootloader--with-systemimg ------ Generate system images also when using -k option--pv-enc <enc_key>----- The encryption key that is used to encrypt cpu_bootloader.--uefi-enc <uefi_enc_key> Key file (0x19: 16-byte; 0x23: 32-byte) to encrypt UEFI payloads--uda-dir-------------- Directory to store user data that will be encrypted in UDA partition.--separate-rcmboot-binary ------ Enable use of different binaries for rcmboot and coldboot.--generic-passphrase -- Use generic passphrase for disk encryption.--disable-random-iv --- Disable generation of random IV, SALT1, SALT2 and DERSTR.--read-info ----------- Read and display board related info, fuse info (based on fuse_t234.xml),and EEPROM content.--reuse-uuid --------- Reuse uuid which is already generated first time.
flash.sh主要包含烧写参数、板卡配置、烧写分区等重要参数输入,具体参数请参考--help 参数说明,烧写命令如下所示:
sudo ./flash.sh -r jetson-agx-orin-devkit mmcblk0p1
其中-r表示跳过根文件系统system.img制作,重用已经生成的镜像文件系统文件,如果是首次刷机,则需要去掉-r参数。其中mmcblk0p1为根文件系统分区,agx-orin默认烧录至emmc分区中。jetson-agx-orin-devkit为官方AGX-Orin模组配置,具体板卡配置说明如下:
其他刷机指令,单独刷写内核:
sudo ./flash.sh -k kernel y-c8-agx-orin-3550 mmcblk0p1
更新设备树文件:
sudo ./flash.sh -r -k kernel-dtb y-c8-agx-orin-3550 mmcblk0p1
更新MB1_BCT 配置文件:
sudo ./flash.sh -k MB1_BCT y-c8-agx-orin-3550 mmcblk0p1
三、AGX Orin 系统备份
备份操作可以在刷机前或系统配置完成后进行,以确保在出现问题时能够快速恢复。
-
连接存储设备
- 将外部存储设备连接到 AGX Orin,确保存储空间足够大以保存整个系统镜像。
-
创建备份镜像
sudo ./flash.sh -r -k APP -G system_n102.img y-c8-agx-orin-3550 mmcblk0p1
其中参数说明如下:
- -k APP:表示的是文件系统分区名称;
- -G system_n102.img:指定备份文件系统文件名称;
系统备份如下图所示:
备份途中会有百分比打印,全部部分完成有successfully打印
总结
通过以上步骤,您可以成功地为 NVIDIA AGX Orin 刷写系统并创建备份。这些操作不仅能帮助您保持系统的更新和安全,还能在遇到问题时快速恢复系统。定期进行系统备份是保障系统稳定运行的重要措施,建议大家在进行重要更改前都进行备份操作。
如果您在操作过程中遇到任何问题,可以查阅 NVIDIA 的官方文档或寻求社区支持。希望这篇教程对您有所帮助!